Expert Consensus on Sepsis Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

To give full play to the therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in sepsis， clarify the entry point of integrated TCM and western medicine， further standardize the clinical treatment of TCM， develop a recognized and integrated treatment protocol of TCM and western medicine， and improve the clinical efficacy on sepsis，the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized TCM and western medicine experts specialized in sepsis treatment to conduct in-depth discussions on the advantages of TCM and integrated TCM and western medicine in the treatment of sepsis based on the TCM etiology and pathogenesis of sepsis， a representative acute and critical disease. They emphasized the pathogenesis characteristics of asthenia of healthy Qi and sthenia of pathogenic factors and summarized the roles of Chinese medicine in correcting the imbalance of inflammatory response， improving blood coagulation dysfunction， and relieving organ damage. Furthermore， they proposed the treatment protocol with integrated TCM and western medicine， which is expected to provide references for actual clinical treatment and scientific research.

Mechanism analysis of Sanhan-Qushi-Wenjing-Tongluo formula treating psoas fasciitis based on biological information technology / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the effective chemical constituents and target genes of the Sanhan-Qushi-Wenjing-Tongluo formula through the method of network pharmacology, and to further analyze the mechanism of treatoffing psoas fasciitis. Methods:The TCMSP database was used to search and screen the chemical active substances of Sanhan-Qushi-Wenjing-Tongluo formula and its target proteins acting on the human body. At the same time, the GeneCards database platform was used to predict the target of disease and the active ingredient-target network was constructed. Construct a PPI network through the STRING database, search for PPI core genes, and then perform GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis to find the signal pathways involved and construct a target-path network. Results:Through screening, a total of 23 key chemical components and 25 common target proteins was obtained in Sanhan-Qushi-Wenjing-Tongluo formula treating psoas fasciitis; gene analysis of enrichment analysis results include antibiotic response, cyclin-dependent proteins kinase holoenzyme complex, cytokine receptor binding, etc. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis results include AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, measles, endocrine resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, etc; the target genes gained which have a higher degree of matching with the above mentioned pathways include IL6, JUN, IL1B, CDK4, CCND1. Conclusion:Sanhan-Qushi-Wenjing-Tongluo formula could treat psoas fasciitis by regulating the target genes such as IL6, JUN, IL1B, CDK4 and CCND1.

Differential expression profile of circRNAs in oral leukoplakia / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the differences and clinical significance of circRNA expression profiles in oral leukoplakia (OLK) tissues and normal oral mucosal (NOM) tissues.@*Methods@# High-throughput sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed circRNAs in 6 pairs of OLK and NOM tissues, and qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression of 10 circRNAs screened in 6 pairs of OLK and NOM tissues. The ring formation of circRNA was verified by RNase R digestion and Sanger sequencing, and the target circHLA-C was further verified by qRT-PCR in 20 pairs of OLK and NOM tissues. CircHLA-C was visualized using the UCSC genome browser (genome.ucsc.edu). The function of differentially expressed circRNAs was analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. TargetScan and miRanda predicted the downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of the target circRNAs, and a ceRNA network related to the identified circRNAs was constructed in Cytoscape.@* Results@#Sequencing analysis showed that 366 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in OLK tissues, including 65 upregulated and 301 downregulated circRNAs. After qRT-PCR verification, 7 of the 10 screened circRNAs were expressed consistent with the sequencing results. The upregulated circHLA-C was confirmed to be a real circRNA with back-splice junction sites by RNase R digestion and Sanger sequencing. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between circHLA-C and the degree of OLK dysplasia. ROC curve analysis suggested that circHLA-C had potential value in diagnosing OLK with high accuracy and specificity.@*Conclusion@#CircRNA was significantly abnormally expressed in OLK tissues, and the upregulation of circHLA-C may be related to the degree of OLK dysplasia, providing guiding value for the diagnosis of OLK in the future.

Establishment of the nomogram model of conversion in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis with laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To explore the preoperative risk factors of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)combined with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE) in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis, and establish a nomogram model to predict the transition to laparotomy.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 309 patients undergoing surgery in Cangzhou People′s Hospital from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, were divided into 290 cases in non-laparotomy group and 19 cases in laparotomy group whether they were transferred to laparotomy. Obtained independent predictors of transition to laparotomy through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and used RStudio to establish a nomogram model to verify it.Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that the history of abdominal surgery, BMI, white blood cell, neutrophil ratio, ALP, serum total bilirubin, gallbladder wall thickness, common bile duct diameter, and lower common bile duct stone incarceration were relative risk factors of LC combined with LCBDE for conversion to laparotomy ( OR=0.195, 0.369, 0.287, 0.241, 0.237, 0.082, 0.166, 0.198, 0.190; 95% CI: 0.073-0.517, 0.114-1.195, 0.096-0.859, 0.085-0.682, 0.092-0.613, 0.023-0.287, 0.058-0.475, 0.073-0.537, 0.056-0.649). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that white blood cells>10×10 9/L, alkaline phosphatase>150 U/L, serum total bilirubin>17.1 umol/L, gallbladder Wall thickness> 4 mm, common bile duct diameter>12 mm, and lower common bile duct stone incarceration were independent predictors of LC combined with LCBDE for conversion to laparotomy ( OR=6.498, 3.656, 22.160, 5.762, 4.849, 7.916; 95% CI: 1.434-29.442, 1.095-12.203, 4.485-109.496, 1.491-22.262, 1.384-16.988, 1.366-45.884). The nomogram model was established based on independent predictors, and then bootstrap repeated sampling was used to internally verify the predictive model. The calibration curve found that the model was in good agreement, with a C-index of 0.924(95% CI: 0.857-0.990) and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.924(95% CI: 0.855-0.992), indicating the high accuracy of the model. Conclusion:The nomogram model established based on the factors of lower common bile duct stone incarceration, gallbladder wall thickness, common bile duct diameter, common bile duct diameter, white blood cells, alkaline phosphatase, and serum total bilirubin has good ability to predict conversion to laparotomy of LC combined with LCBDE, and has high clinical application value.

Comparative analysis on industrial standardization degree of Chinese and Korean ginseng / 中国中药杂志

Panax ginseng is a well-known medicinal plant all over the world. It has high nutritional value and medicinal value. China and South Korea are the major countries in the world for ginseng cultivation, production and exportation. China's ginseng production accounts for more than half of the world, but the output value is less than that of Korea. The standardization process of ginseng industry plays an important role. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the Chinese and Korean ginseng national standards and the standardization process, and makes a detailed comparative analysis of the categories, standard contents, index selection, age, implementation and promotion status of the Chinese and Korean ginseng standards. The development disadvantages of ginseng industry standardization were displayed. And we give our advises on the standard revision, implementation of China's ginseng industry standardization, hoping to enhance the competitiveness of China's ginseng industry.

Significance of Thl7/Treg Ratio in aGVHD Occurence after Allo-HSCT / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between Th17 and Treg levels and aGVHD occurence in patients after allo-HSCT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-nine patients received allo-HSCT were divided into 2 groups: aGVHD group(17 cases) and non-aGVHD group (22 cases). For aGVHD group, the peripheral blood was collected before aGVHD occurence, in occurence and after aGVHD improvement; for non-aGVHD group, the peripheral blood was collected after 1, 2 and 3 months of transplantation. In addition, 16 healthy donors were used as controls, their peripheral blood was collected before mobilization. The Th17 and Treg counts as well as Th17/Treg ratio were detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among patients with aGVHD after transplantation, the Th17 count increased, and the Treg count decreased, the Th17/Treg ratio increased before aGVHD occurence, as compared with the patients without aGVHD(P<0.05); but after aGVHD occurence, the Th17 count decreased, Treg count increated, and the Th17/Treg ratio decreased as compared with that before aGVHD occurence (P<0.05). After aGVHD was improved, the Th17/Treg ratio decreased as compared with level before aGVHD occurence (P<0.05). After aGVHD was improved, the Th17/Treg ratio was no statistical different from healthy donors (P>0.05). Among patients without aGVHD after transplantation, the Th17/Treg ratio at 2 and 3 months after transplantation was no statistical different from that of healthy donos(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Th17 and Treg levels recoverel showly after transplantation, but the Th17/Treg ratio recoveres after 2 months in the patients after transplantation. The Th17 cells may initiate aGVHD; when aGVHD happened, the Treg level increases, which may regulate the aGVHD ontcome through inhibiting the Th17 cells. The detection of Th17/Treg ratio after transplantation can predict the occurence and outcome of aGVHD.</p>

Clinical features of human metapneumovirus and human bocavirus infections among children with acute respiratory ;tract infections in Taiyuan / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To investigate the status and clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) infections in children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in Taiyuan. Methods A total of 549 children with ARTIs from November 2012 to May 2013 and November 2013 to May 2014 were recruited. The pharyngeal swab specimens were collected. The hMPV and HBoV were detected by using real-time PCR. Results In 549 children, 56 children (10.2%) were hMPV positive on swab specimens, 15 children (2.7%) were HBoV positive on swab specimens. The detection rates of hMPV and HBoV in November 2012 to May 2013 were 12.3%and 2.0%, respectively, and in November 2013 to May 2014 were 6.5%and 4.0%, respectively. The detection rate of hMPV was signiifcantly different between two periods (P<0.05), while the detection rate of HBoV has no signiifcant difference between two periods. In different months, the detection rate of hMPV and HBoV showed no signiifcant difference. The highest detection rates of hMPV and HBoV were all in children younger than two years old. The highest detection rate of hMPV was in children with asthmatic bronchitis or bronchiolitis. Conclusion In Taiyuan, during the monitoring periods, the ARITS are associated with childhood hMPV and HBoV infection especially in infants and toddlers. hMPV is one of the most important pathogens in infants and toddlers with wheezing.

Effect of different dose of persicae semen extract to barrier function of intestinal mucous membrane and immunologic function in acute pancreatitis rats / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of different dose of persicae semen extract extract(PSE) to barrier function of the intestinal mucous membrane and immunologic function in acute pancreatitis rats.Methods:A total of 48 rats were divided into model control group,low dose,medial dose and high dose PSE groups,and there were 12 rats in each group.Another 12 rats were Sham-operation group.After anesthesia recovery,rats in low dose,medial dose and high dose PSE groups respectively received PSE 0.12 g/kg,0.248 g/kg and 0.36 g/kg,and rats in Sham-operation group and model control group receive isovolumetric distilled water,once per 6 h,4 times in 24 hours.All rats were anesthetized by 10%chloral hydrate after in 24th hour after dosing.Thorax and enterocoelia were opened; 5 ml of blood were respectively drawed to EDTA-anticoagulation tube and un-anticoagulation tube from aorta abdominalis.CD4+, CD8+and Treg cells were determined by direct fluorescent-labelded flow cytometry.IgA, IgG and IgM were determined by immunoturbidimetry.Serum amylase was determined by EPS-G7 substrate,D-lactic acid was determined by enzymology, and serum diamine oxidase was determined by active ration of colorimetry method.Pathological examination of small intestine mucous membrane tissue was taken after HE staining.sIgA in small intestine was determined by radioimmunoassay.mRNA of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in small intestine tissue was determined by RT-PCR.Results:(1) Serum amylase,D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase in medial dose and high dose PSE groups were significantly decreased ( P<0.01 ) , and sIgA in small intestine was significantly increased ( P<0.01).These indicators were significantly different in medial dose and high dose PSE groups(P<0.01).(2) CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in medial dose and high dose PSE groups were significantly increased(P<0.01),and CD8+,Treg cells were significantly decreased(P<0.01) compared with those in low dose PSE group.These indicators were significantly different in medial dose and high dose PSE groups(P<0.01).(3) IgA,IgG and IgM in medial dose and high dose PSE groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01) compared with those in low dose PSE group.These indicators were significantly different in medial dose and high dose PSE groups(P<0.01).(4) Small intestine mucous membrane tissue in Sham-operation group was not damaged significantly,but that in model control group was damaged significantly.Small intestine mucous membrane tissue in low dose PSE group was similar to that in model control group,and damage in medial dose and high dose PSE groups was decreased significantly.( 5 ) mRNA of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in small intestine tissue in medial dose and high dose PSE groups were significantly increased ( P<0.01 ) compared with those in low dose PSE group.These indicators were significantly different in medial dose and high dose PSE groups ( P<0.01 ).Conclusion: PSE has protective effect to barrier function of the intestinal mucous membrane,and significantly improve the immunologic function.

Sorafenib in liver function impaired advanced hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the efficacy and safty of sorafenib in Child-Pugh class B to class C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this three-center open-label study from November 2011 to May 2013, we randomly assigned 189 patients with advanced Child-Pugh class B or C HCC patients into two groups, one group with 95 patient to receive sorafenib (400 mg a time, twice a day) and the other group with 94 patients to receive best supportive care. The primary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median progression-free survival was 2.2 months and 1.9 months in the sorafenib group and best supportive care group respectively (Hazard ratio in the sorafenib group, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.75; P=0.002). The median overall survival was 4.0 months and 3.5 months in the sorafenib group and best supportive care group respectively (Hazard ratio in the sorafenib group, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-0.68; P<0.001). The main adverse effect of sorafenib was rash and acne of the skin (in 51.7% patients). The incidences of severe rash, diarrhea, and dry skin were 5.6%, 5.6%, and 2.2% in the sorafenib group. One patient reached partial response in the sorafenib group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sorafenib is safe in patients with liver function impaired advanced HCC. It is effective in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival compared with best supportive care. Liver functions are the important predictive factors.</p>

Expressions of Bag-1 and VEGF in hepatocellular cancer and their relationship with prognosis / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To detect the Bag-1 and VEGF expressions in HCC tissues,cancerous liver tissues and normal liver tissues,and to explore their relationship with prognosis.Methods Immunohistochemical staining (SP method) was used to detect Bag-1 and VEGF in 60 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma specimens,next to the 30 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in liver tissue,and 14 cases of normal liver tissue specimens,and their clinicopathological features were analyzed.Results Bag-l,VEGF expression rates were highest in HCC tissues [80.0 ％ (48/60),73.3 ％ (44/60)] and with adjacent tissues [46.7 ％ (14/30),43.3 ％ (13/30)],normal liver tissue [28.6 ％ (4/14),21.4 ％ (3/14)] expression rates had differences (P ＜ 0.05).Bag-1,VEGF expression had relationship with liver cancer staging,lymph node metastasis,tumor thrombosis formation,the correlation between the presence or absence of capsule formation (P ＜ 0.05),while had no relationship with the patient gender,age,tumor grade,tumor size,and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and other factors correlation (P ＞ 0.05).Bag-1 and VEGF expression in HCC specimens positive 40 cases,while negative eight cases,both in HCC tissues expression was positively correlated (P ＜ 0.05).Bag-1,VEGF positive expression in patients 1-year,2-year survival rates were less than negative patients,the survival time of patients with positive group was significantly lower than the negative patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Bag-1 and VEGF expressions are closely related with biological characteristics of liver cancer,and which is closely related to the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular.

Use of postoperative enteral immunonutrition in malnutrition patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumor / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of postoperative enteral immunonutrition on inflammatory response and immunologic function in patients with gastrointestinal tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 106 gastrointestinal malignant tumor patients with malnutrition who were treated in the Department of General Surgery, the People's Hospital of Cangzhou in Hebei province from January 2008 to June 2010 were prospectively collected. Patients were randomized into two groups, including enteral immunonutrition group(n=53) and common enteral nutrition group(n=53). Related immunological indices and C-reaction protein were measured on preoperative day 5 and postoperative day 1 and 9.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The general information and preoperative immunological indices were comparable between the two groups(P>0.05). On postoperative day 9, levels of CD4, CD4/CD8, IgG, lymphocyte, NK cells, and complement C3, C4, and CH50 in the enteral immunonutrition group were higher than those in common enteral nutrition group. Serum C-reaction protein level was lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Postoperative infection rate was 3.8%(2/53) in enteral immunonutrition group, significantly lower than that in control group with an infection rate of 15.1%(8/53)(P<0.05). The mean postoperative hospital stay of the two groups were (8.1±1.1) d and (9.2±2.1) d, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For gastrointestinal malignant tumor patients with malnutrition, the use of enteral immunonutrition can alleviate the postoperative trauma and inflammatory response, improve the immune function, thus can reduce the occurrence of postoperative infection, and accelerate patient recovery.</p>

Role of HO/CO in IL-beta induced pancreatic islets apoptosis and the effect of fructose-1, 6-disphosphate / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the protective role of HO/CO systems in IL-1beta induced islest apoptosis and to explore the mechanisms of the protective effect of fructose-1, 6-disphosphate (FDP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pancreases of the rats were removed to collect islets cells. The cells were incubated with IL-1beta with/or FDP. Cell activity, insulin secretion, HO-1 activity, CO content and apoptotic percentage were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HO-1 activity and CO content of the normal control group were low. IL-1beta induced a significant decrease of cell activity and insulin release, flow cytometry analysis showed that apoptotic percentage of islet cells remarkably increased following the addition of IL-1beta, FDP obviously improved the islets cellular activity damaged by IL-1beta, and basic amount of insulin secretion and stimulated by high glucose were improved (P < 0.01). Content of CO and activity of HO-1 were higher in the IL-1beta group than the normal control group (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences between the FDP groups and IL-1beta group. FDP decreased cell apoptotic percentage. Activities of HO-1 and content of CO were higher than that in the IL-1beta group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FDP can attenuate the IL-1beta induced apoptosis of cultured beta cells, the mechanism of which may be improved HO-1 activity and CO content.</p>

HLA-DRB1 genotyping in children with nephrotic syndrome of non-IgA mesangial proliferative giomerulonephritis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles in Han population of Shanxi childrcn with nephrotic syndrome of non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN). Methods HLA-DRB1 was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers technique, and twenty patients with nephrotic syndrome of non-IgA MsPGN were detected. Results Analysis of the fre- quencies of specific at the HLA-DRB1 loci revealed significantly higher frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 11 al- leles among the nephrotic syndrome patients of non-IgA MsPGN comparing with controls (22. 50% vs 8.33%, x2= 9. 544, P = 0.002, CI = 1. 674-9.995, RR = 4.09). Nine patients with HLA-DRB1 * 11 all accompanied hematuria, hypertension or short renal insufficiency. Conclusion The results suggested that HLA-DRB1 * 11 alleles contribute to genetic susceptibility to nephritic syndrome of non-IgA MsPGN. The pa- tients with HLA-DRB1 *11 easy accompanied hematuria, hypertension or short renal insufficiency.

Surveillance program set for influenza A virus (H1N1) in children in Taiyuan, China, 2005-2006 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the epidemic situation and dominant strain of influenza in children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) during Flu season from Oct. 2005 to Mar. 2006 in Taiyuan.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Madin-darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were used to isolate and identify type A influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and B influenza viruses from clinical samples collected from outpatients who visited the Department of Pediatric because of ARI from Oct. 2005 to Mar. 2006. Oct. 2005 and Mar. 2006, we collected 415 blood samples from children and adults to detect the influenza virus antibody titers by HI test to exclude respiratory diseases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>7 strains of H1N1 were isolated from 87 clinical specimens, with a positive rate of H1N1 as 8.04%. Out of 415 blood samples being collected, the positive rates and the geometric mean titer of H1N1 antibody Mar. 2006 were significantly higher in 0-3, 3-7 and 7-18 year-olds than Oct.2005.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>H1N1 epidemic influenza did occur among children in winter and spring of 2005--2006 in Taiyuan city.</p>

Polymorphism of HLA-A,-B and DRB1 in Han population of Shanxi province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 genes in Han population in Shanxi of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) technique was used to identify the polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 genes of 7440 healthy and unrelated individuals of Han population in Shanxi, and the gene frequency distribution of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 genes in population was compared with the results from other populations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighteen HLA-A, forty HLA-B and thirteen HLA-DRB1 alleles were found. The frequencies of A*02, A*24, A*11, A*01, A*03, B*13, B*51, B*15, B*40, B*35, DRB1*15, DR*09, DR*12, DR*04, DR*07 alleles in Hans of Shanxi were significantly higher and displayed distinctive distribution profiles when compared with those of Caucasian and Afro-American.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 distribution in Shanxi Han population shares some genetic characteristics with other Han populations in northern part of China, but it exhibits its own characteristics.</p>

Analysis of drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU and its characteristic of TCM syndrome / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To assess the relationship between the characteristic of drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in ICU.Methods: The 73 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from sputum specimenpatients of in-patients in our ICU from March 2005 to February 2006.The data of the drug sensitivity test in vitro was analysised.The relation between the syndrome of TCM and drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was probed.Results: The 73 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were drug resistant to majority kinds of anti-infective except Piperacillin-Tazobactam,Piperacillin,Cefoperazone-Sulbactam,and Amikacin.The mains syndromes of TCM of all patients infected Pseudomonas aeruginosa were deficiency-excess complex(虚实夹杂证) and excess pattern(实证)(97.26%).The mains of deficiency-excess complex(虚实夹杂证) were Qi vacuity and phlegm obstruction(气虚痰阻证)and Yin vacuity internal heat(阴虚热郁证).The mains of excess pattern(实证) were phlegm-heat(痰热郁阻证)and phlegm-stasis(痰瘀互阻证).Conclusions: Combined ?-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycoside antibiotics is the first selection to treat the multidrugresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Indentifing patterns and determining treatment in TCM could be tried in the treatment of patients infected Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Discovery of MHC restriction in antigen recognition of T cells / 中国医学科学院学报

T cell can only recognize specific antigenic peptide-MHC complex on antigen-presenting cell. This is MHC restriction in antigen recognition of T cell. This phenomenon was discovered by an Austrian scientist Peter. C. Doherty and a Swedish scientist Rolf. M. Zinkernagel by chance. Then, in order to explain the phenomenon, they proposed two hypotheses: dual receptor and modified self. In the during following 20 years numbers of scientists spent great amount of time in the study of the phenomenon. The process of cell-mediated immune response becomes clear, which greatly promotes the advancing of immunology and many related disciplines.

The regulation of prednisone on expression of CⅡCA for accommodation of HLA in activated PBMCs / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:CⅡTA is a transcriptional factor for transactivation of HLA expression.The aim of the study is to investigate the regulation of prednisone on inducible expression of CⅡTA in native PBMCs.Methods:Normal PBMC was stimulated with combination of IFN-? and PHA with or without the presense of prednisone.CⅡTA mRNA in the cells was amplified by RT-PCR,for analyzing transcriptive level in three designed groups of native PBMCs,activated PBMCs using the biomodulators and the triggered PBMCs in presense of prednisoloen.Results:Normal human PBMCs constitutively expressed CⅡTA,which was increased by stimulation of PHA and IFN-?.Prednisone significantly inhibited the inducible pattern of CⅡTA expression.Conclusion:Prednisone has showed inhibition effect on the expression of PBMC CⅡTA by descending transcription of the specialized transcriptional factor in activated PBMCs,whereby to downregulate the expression of HLA in PBMCs.